Lesson 38 - Dicotyledenous Plant Structure

Outline the wide diversity in the plant kingdom as exemplified by the structural differences between bryophytes, filicinophytes, coniferophytes, and angiospermiophytes.
Bryophytes such as mosses and liverworts possess no 'true' roots, stems, or leaves. They are small and restricted to moist, terrestrial environments. Bryophytes are also non-vascular which means they lack any transport tissues such as the xylem and phloem.
Filicinophytes are vascular plants which means they possess transport tissues. Filicinophytes have roots, leaves in fronds, and cuticle on leaves. Filicinophytes can form small trees but not woody.
Coniferophytes have an advanced vascular system. They may also have needle-like leaves, woody stems, and also cones. Coniferophytes can grow as small as a shrub to as big as a large tree.
Angiospermiophytes are flowering plants. These type of plants reproduce through sexual fertilization by the process of pollination usually via wind or animals. There is a large diversity of Angiospermiophytes; 260,000+ different species. Just like Coniferophytes, Angiospermiophytes have an advanced vascular system.Draw a diagram to show the external parts of a named dicotyledonous plant.Explain the relationship between the distribution of tissues in the leaves and the function of these tissues.
The dermal tissue surrounds the plant just like how a cell membrane surrounds a cell. It helps in protecting the plant, gas exchange, and prevents water loss. The ground tissue function in photosynthesis, storage, and support. The vascular system with the help of the xylem and phloem transports photosynthesis products and nutrients throughout the plant.Outline four adaptations of xerophytes.
Spines instead of leaves to reduce transpiration
CAM Physiology: Stomata opens up early morning and at night but not during midday when the sun is shining brightest and overhead.
Long stem with water storage tissues
Spines act as a defense against predatorsOutline two structural adaptations of hydrophytes.
Air spaces in leaves to increase buoyancy
Cuticle on top side where it is in contact with the air but not underneath where it is in contact with the